目的：移植牙周膜前体细胞和鼠胚胎干细胞来观察其修复受损牙周组织能力的结果和差异。材料和方法：在牙周膜细胞或者胚胎干细胞移植前24小时正畸移动小鼠牙齿，植入24或者72小时后安乐处死小鼠。对照组仅仅移动牙齿而不进行细胞移植或者也不进行牙齿移动。通过免疫组化的方法使用牙周膜细胞不同分化标志单克隆抗体在下颌牙周组织切片中获得不同的移植细胞。运用T检验分析数据，P=0.05。结果：植入的牙周膜前体细胞和胚胎干细胞产生了大量的骨桥蛋白，骨涎蛋白和α肌动蛋白标志细胞，大部分分布在实验鼠牙周膜血管周围，而对照组鼠（仅仅进行细胞一直而不进行牙齿移动，P=0.05）较少。将牙齿移动和细胞移植相结合可在牙齿移动过程中产生较多的牙周组织再生。对比胚胎干细胞，牙周膜前体细胞能够产生较多的牙周膜分化细胞和牙槽骨组织。结论：正畸移动牙齿促进了移植细胞的分化，主要出现在牙周膜区域的血管周围。根据损伤牙周组织再生情况，植入的牙周膜前体细胞比胚胎干细胞更能够促进牙周组织再生，其原因可能是由于牙周膜前体细胞的可塑行和在牙周组织细胞环境中的有效分化能力。

Objective: To determine the fate and differentiation of transplanted periodontal ligament (PL) precursor cells and mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells and their relative capacity to regenerate wounded periodontium. Materials and Methods: Orthodontic tooth movement was introduced 24 hours before transplantation of PL or ES cells, and rats were euthanized either 24 hours or 72 hours after cell transplantation. The control rats received either no tooth movement and no cell transplantation or tooth movement and no cell transplantation. Differentiation of transplanted cells was assessed from mandibular periodontal histological tissue sections by immunohistochemical methods using monoclonal antibodies against PL cell differentiation markers. Data were analyzed using Student's t-test at a significance level of P = .05. Results: Transplantation of PL and ES cells resulted in a higher number of osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, and alpha-smooth muscle actin labeled transplanted cells, predominantly around the blood vessels of the periodontium in study rats compared with control rats (cell transplantation but no orthodontic tooth movement, P = .05). Combined treatments of tooth movement and cell transplantation resulted in enhanced regeneration of the periodontium as a result of tooth movement. Transplantation of PL cells induced a higher number of differentiating cells in the PL and alveolar bone than did transplantation of ES cells. Conclusions: Orthodontic tooth movement promotes the differentiation of transplanted cells, and the differentiation occurs predominantly in the paravascular areas of the periodontium. In terms of regeneration of wounded periodontium, transplantation of PL cells produced a higher level of regeneration than ES cells, possibly because of PL cell plasticity and the capacity to undergo effective differentiation in the periodontal cellular microenvironment。