生后的人牙组织干细胞的分离与鉴定

        已有众多报道干细胞存在于成人的多个组织中，例如：骨髓，肝，肌肉，牙髓以及牙周组织中。我们从人的牙齿组织中分离出干细胞如牙髓干细胞，牙周膜干细胞，牙囊干细胞及下颌骨的骨髓间充质干细胞以确定他们的特性。免疫组织化学染色已证明这些细胞表达STRO-1阳性，这些细胞还表达间充质干细胞的标记物CD29,CD44。这些细胞具有自我更新的能力以及克隆形成率。用α－MEM含10％的胎牛血清，100µM维生素C来培养这些细胞，几乎所有的细胞都能良好的生长。用20％的FCS和50µM维生素C培养这些细胞，只有牙囊干细胞具有很高的增殖率。这些牙齿干细胞都能分化成脂肪并形成矿化结节。尤其是颌骨的骨髓间充质干细胞比其他细胞有着更好的矿化能力。这些结果表明牙齿中存在间充质干细胞并且这些细胞能够向成骨，成脂分化。

Isolation and Characterization of Postnatal Stem Cells
from Human Dental Tissues
YOU-YOUNG JO, Ph.D.,1 HEE-JUNG LEE, M.S.,1 SUN-YOUNG KOOK, B.S.,1
HAN-WOOL CHOUNG, D.D.S.,1 JOO-YOUNG PARK, D.D.S.,1 JONG-HOON CHUNG, Ph.D.,2
YUN-HOON CHOUNG, D.D.S., M.D., Ph.D.,3 EUN-SUK KIM, D.D.S., M.S.D., Ph.D.,4
HYEONG-CHEOL YANG, Ph.D.,5 and PILL-HOON CHOUNG, D.D.S., Ph.D.1
ABSTRACT
It was reported that postnatal stem cells are present in adult tissues such as bone marrow, liver, muscle,
dental pulp, and periodontal ligament. We isolated postnatal stem cells from human dental tissues such
as dental pulp (DPSC), periodontal ligament (PDLSC), periapical follicle (PAFSC), and the surrounding
mandibular bone marrow (MBMSC) to ascertain their properties. Immunocytochemistry proved the
existence of stem cells in these cell populations using STRO-1 as a stem cell marker. These cells also
expressed the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers CD29 and CD44. The isolated cells showed selfrenewal
capabilities and colony-forming efficiency. Almost all of the dental stem cells showed optimal
growth when they were cultured in alpha modification of Eagle’s medium (alpha-MEM) supplemented
with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) and 100 lM ascorbic acid. Only the PAFSC showed increased proliferation
in 20% FCS and 50 lM ascorbic acid. All of the dental stem cells were capable of differentiating
into adipocytes and mineral nodule forming cells. MBMSC, in particular, showed much better mineralization
compared to the others. These results indicate that MSCs exist in various tissues of the teeth and
can differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and other kinds of cells with varying efficiency.